Canadian internet education

SSL certificates explained

A neutral guide to SSL certificates, HTTPS, validation, renewals, mixed content, and browser trust.

This page is general information. It does not confirm service availability, pricing, or suitability at a specific address.

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What SSL certificates do

An SSL/TLS certificate helps a browser create an encrypted HTTPS connection and verify that it is connecting to the expected domain. It does not prove that a website is honest, but it is a basic requirement for modern web trust.

What to compare

FactorWhy it matters
Domain validationMost ordinary sites use domain-validated certificates.
Wildcard certificatesA wildcard can cover many subdomains, but it may be unnecessary for simple sites.
Renewal automationExpired certificates can break trust and traffic.
Mixed contentA valid certificate still fails visually if the page loads insecure images or scripts.
RedirectsHTTP should normally redirect cleanly to HTTPS.
MonitoringCertificate errors should be caught before visitors see them.